This module defines the class EllipticCurve_field, based on EllipticCurve_generic, for elliptic curves over general fields.
Bases: sage.schemes.elliptic_curves.ell_generic.EllipticCurve_generic
Constructor from -invariants (long or short Weierstrass coefficients).
INPUT:
Note
See constructor.py for more variants.
EXAMPLES:
sage: E = EllipticCurve([1,2,3,4,5]); E
Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 + x*y + 3*y = x^3 + 2*x^2 + 4*x + 5 over Rational Field
sage: E = EllipticCurve(GF(7),[1,2,3,4,5]); E
Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 + x*y + 3*y = x^3 + 2*x^2 + 4*x + 5 over Finite Field of size 7
Constructor from sets
:
sage: EllipticCurve([4,5]).ainvs()
(0, 0, 0, 4, 5)
The base ring need not be a field:
sage: EllipticCurve(IntegerModRing(91),[1,2,3,4,5])
Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 + x*y + 3*y = x^3 + 2*x^2 + 4*x + 5 over Ring of integers modulo 91
Twists: rewritten by John Cremona as follows:
The following twists are implemented:
More complicated twists exist in theory for char=2,3 and j=0=1728, but are not implemented.
Given a subfield and an elliptic curve self defined over a field
,
this function determines whether there exists an elliptic curve over
which is isomorphic over
to self. If one exists, it finds it.
INPUT:
OUTPUT:
Either an elliptic curve defined over which is isomorphic to self
or None if no such curve exists.
Note
This only works over number fields and QQ.
EXAMPLES:
sage: E = EllipticCurve([1,2,3,4,5])
sage: E.descend_to(ZZ)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
TypeError: Input must be a field.
sage: F.<b> = QuadraticField(23)
sage: G.<a> = F.extension(x^3+5)
sage: E = EllipticCurve(j=1728*b).change_ring(G)
sage: E.descend_to(F)
Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + (8957952*b-206032896)*x + (-247669456896*b+474699792384) over Number Field in b with defining polynomial x^2 - 23
sage: L.<a> = NumberField(x^4 - 7)
sage: K.<b> = NumberField(x^2 - 7)
sage: E = EllipticCurve([a^6,0])
sage: E.descend_to(K)
Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 1296/49*b*x over Number Field in b with defining polynomial x^2 - 7
sage: K.<a> = QuadraticField(17)
sage: E = EllipticCurve(j = 2*a)
sage: print E.descend_to(QQ)
None
Returns the Hasse invariant of this elliptic curve.
OUTPUT:
The Hasse invariant of this elliptic curve, as an element of the base field. This is only defined over fields of positive characteristic, and is an element of the field which is zero if and only if the curve is supersingular. Over a field of characteristic zero, where the Hasse invariant is undefined, a ValueError is returned.
EXAMPLES:
sage: E = EllipticCurve([Mod(1,2),Mod(1,2),0,0,Mod(1,2)])
sage: E.hasse_invariant()
1
sage: E = EllipticCurve([0,0,Mod(1,3),Mod(1,3),Mod(1,3)])
sage: E.hasse_invariant()
0
sage: E = EllipticCurve([0,0,Mod(1,5),0,Mod(2,5)])
sage: E.hasse_invariant()
0
sage: E = EllipticCurve([0,0,Mod(1,5),Mod(1,5),Mod(2,5)])
sage: E.hasse_invariant()
2
Some examples over larger fields:
sage: EllipticCurve(GF(101),[0,0,0,0,1]).hasse_invariant()
0
sage: EllipticCurve(GF(101),[0,0,0,1,1]).hasse_invariant()
98
sage: EllipticCurve(GF(103),[0,0,0,0,1]).hasse_invariant()
20
sage: EllipticCurve(GF(103),[0,0,0,1,1]).hasse_invariant()
17
sage: F.<a> = GF(107^2)
sage: EllipticCurve(F,[0,0,0,a,1]).hasse_invariant()
62*a + 75
sage: EllipticCurve(F,[0,0,0,0,a]).hasse_invariant()
0
Over fields of characteristic zero, the Hasse invariant is undefined:
sage: E = EllipticCurve([0,0,0,0,1])
sage: E.hasse_invariant()
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: Hasse invariant only defined in positive characteristic
Returns whether or not self is isogenous to other.
INPUT:
OUTPUT:
(bool) True if there is an isogeny from curve self to curve other defined over field.
METHOD:
Over general fields this is only implemented in trivial cases.
EXAMPLES:
sage: E1 = EllipticCurve(CC, [1,18]); E1
Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 1.00000000000000*x + 18.0000000000000 over Complex Field with 53 bits of precision
sage: E2 = EllipticCurve(CC, [2,7]); E2
Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 2.00000000000000*x + 7.00000000000000 over Complex Field with 53 bits of precision
sage: E1.is_isogenous(E2)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
NotImplementedError: Only implemented for isomorphic curves over general fields.
sage: E1 = EllipticCurve(Frac(PolynomialRing(ZZ,'t')), [2,19]); E1
Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 2*x + 19 over Fraction Field of Univariate Polynomial Ring in t over Integer Ring
sage: E2 = EllipticCurve(CC, [23,4]); E2
Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 23.0000000000000*x + 4.00000000000000 over Complex Field with 53 bits of precision
sage: E1.is_isogenous(E2)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
NotImplementedError: Only implemented for isomorphic curves over general fields.
Determine whether this curve is a quadratic twist of another.
INPUT:
OUTPUT:
Either 0, if the curves are not quadratic twists, or if
other is self.quadratic_twist(D) (up to isomorphism).
If self and other are isomorphic, returns 1.
If the curves are defined over , the output
is
a squarefree integer.
Note
Not fully implemented in characteristic 2, or in
characteristic 3 when both -invariants are 0.
EXAMPLES:
sage: E = EllipticCurve('11a1')
sage: Et = E.quadratic_twist(-24)
sage: E.is_quadratic_twist(Et)
-6
sage: E1=EllipticCurve([0,0,1,0,0])
sage: E1.j_invariant()
0
sage: E2=EllipticCurve([0,0,0,0,2])
sage: E1.is_quadratic_twist(E2)
2
sage: E1.is_quadratic_twist(E1)
1
sage: type(E1.is_quadratic_twist(E1)) == type(E1.is_quadratic_twist(E2)) #trac 6574
True
sage: E1=EllipticCurve([0,0,0,1,0])
sage: E1.j_invariant()
1728
sage: E2=EllipticCurve([0,0,0,2,0])
sage: E1.is_quadratic_twist(E2)
0
sage: E2=EllipticCurve([0,0,0,25,0])
sage: E1.is_quadratic_twist(E2)
5
sage: F = GF(101)
sage: E1 = EllipticCurve(F,[4,7])
sage: E2 = E1.quadratic_twist()
sage: D = E1.is_quadratic_twist(E2); D!=0
True
sage: F = GF(101)
sage: E1 = EllipticCurve(F,[4,7])
sage: E2 = E1.quadratic_twist()
sage: D = E1.is_quadratic_twist(E2)
sage: E1.quadratic_twist(D).is_isomorphic(E2)
True
sage: E1.is_isomorphic(E2)
False
sage: F2 = GF(101^2,'a')
sage: E1.change_ring(F2).is_isomorphic(E2.change_ring(F2))
True
A characteristic 3 example:
sage: F = GF(3^5,'a')
sage: E1 = EllipticCurve_from_j(F(1))
sage: E2 = E1.quadratic_twist(-1)
sage: D = E1.is_quadratic_twist(E2); D!=0
True
sage: E1.quadratic_twist(D).is_isomorphic(E2)
True
sage: E1 = EllipticCurve_from_j(F(0))
sage: E2 = E1.quadratic_twist()
sage: D = E1.is_quadratic_twist(E2); D
1
sage: E1.is_isomorphic(E2)
True
Determine whether this curve is a quartic twist of another.
INPUT:
OUTPUT:
Either 0, if the curves are not quartic twists, or if
other is self.quartic_twist(D) (up to isomorphism).
If self and other are isomorphic, returns 1.
Note
Not fully implemented in characteristics 2 or 3.
EXAMPLES:
sage: E = EllipticCurve_from_j(GF(13)(1728))
sage: E1 = E.quartic_twist(2)
sage: D = E.is_quartic_twist(E1); D!=0
True
sage: E.quartic_twist(D).is_isomorphic(E1)
True
sage: E = EllipticCurve_from_j(1728)
sage: E1 = E.quartic_twist(12345)
sage: D = E.is_quartic_twist(E1); D
15999120
sage: (D/12345).is_perfect_power(4)
True
Determine whether this curve is a sextic twist of another.
INPUT:
OUTPUT:
Either 0, if the curves are not sextic twists, or if
other is self.sextic_twist(D) (up to isomorphism).
If self and other are isomorphic, returns 1.
Note
Not fully implemented in characteristics 2 or 3.
EXAMPLES:
sage: E = EllipticCurve_from_j(GF(13)(0))
sage: E1 = E.sextic_twist(2)
sage: D = E.is_sextic_twist(E1); D!=0
True
sage: E.sextic_twist(D).is_isomorphic(E1)
True
sage: E = EllipticCurve_from_j(0)
sage: E1 = E.sextic_twist(12345)
sage: D = E.is_sextic_twist(E1); D
575968320
sage: (D/12345).is_perfect_power(6)
True
Generic code, valid for all fields, for those l for which the modular curve has genus 0.
INPUT:
OUTPUT:
(list) All -isogenies for the given
with domain self.
METHOD:
Calls the generic function isogenies_prime_degree_genus_0(). This requires that certain operations have been implemented over the base field, such as root-finding for univariate polynomials.
EXAMPLES:
sage: F = QQbar
sage: E = EllipticCurve(F, [1,18]); E
Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + x + 18 over Algebraic Field
sage: F = CC
sage: E = EllipticCurve(F, [1,18]); E
Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 1.00000000000000*x + 18.0000000000000 over Complex Field with 53 bits of precision
sage: E.isogenies_prime_degree(11)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
NotImplementedError: This code could be implemented for general complex fields, but has not been yet.
Examples over finite fields:
sage: E = EllipticCurve(GF(next_prime(1000000)), [7,8])
sage: E.isogenies_prime_degree()
[Isogeny of degree 2 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 7*x + 8 over Finite Field of size 1000003 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 970389*x + 794257 over Finite Field of size 1000003, Isogeny of degree 2 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 7*x + 8 over Finite Field of size 1000003 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 29783*x + 206196 over Finite Field of size 1000003, Isogeny of degree 2 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 7*x + 8 over Finite Field of size 1000003 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 999960*x + 78 over Finite Field of size 1000003, Isogeny of degree 13 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 7*x + 8 over Finite Field of size 1000003 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 878063*x + 845666 over Finite Field of size 1000003, Isogeny of degree 13 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 7*x + 8 over Finite Field of size 1000003 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 375648*x + 342776 over Finite Field of size 1000003]
sage: E.isogenies_prime_degree(2)
[Isogeny of degree 2 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 7*x + 8 over Finite Field of size 1000003 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 970389*x + 794257 over Finite Field of size 1000003, Isogeny of degree 2 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 7*x + 8 over Finite Field of size 1000003 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 29783*x + 206196 over Finite Field of size 1000003, Isogeny of degree 2 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 7*x + 8 over Finite Field of size 1000003 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 999960*x + 78 over Finite Field of size 1000003]
sage: E.isogenies_prime_degree(3)
[]
sage: E.isogenies_prime_degree(5)
[]
sage: E.isogenies_prime_degree(7)
[]
sage: E.isogenies_prime_degree(13)
[Isogeny of degree 13 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 7*x + 8 over Finite Field of size 1000003 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 878063*x + 845666 over Finite Field of size 1000003,
Isogeny of degree 13 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 7*x + 8 over Finite Field of size 1000003 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 375648*x + 342776 over Finite Field of size 1000003]
sage: E.isogenies_prime_degree([2, 3, 5, 7, 13])
[Isogeny of degree 2 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 7*x + 8 over Finite Field of size 1000003 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 970389*x + 794257 over Finite Field of size 1000003, Isogeny of degree 2 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 7*x + 8 over Finite Field of size 1000003 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 29783*x + 206196 over Finite Field of size 1000003, Isogeny of degree 2 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 7*x + 8 over Finite Field of size 1000003 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 999960*x + 78 over Finite Field of size 1000003, Isogeny of degree 13 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 7*x + 8 over Finite Field of size 1000003 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 878063*x + 845666 over Finite Field of size 1000003, Isogeny of degree 13 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 7*x + 8 over Finite Field of size 1000003 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 375648*x + 342776 over Finite Field of size 1000003]
sage: E.isogenies_prime_degree([2, 4])
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: 4 is not prime.
sage: E.isogenies_prime_degree([2, 29])
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
NotImplementedError: Over general fields, only isogenies of degree 2, 3, 5, 7 or 13 have been implemented.
sage: E.isogenies_prime_degree(4)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: 4 is not prime.
sage: E.isogenies_prime_degree(11)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
NotImplementedError: Over general fields, only isogenies of degree 2, 3, 5, 7 or 13 have been implemented.
sage: E = EllipticCurve(GF(17),[2,0])
sage: E.isogenies_prime_degree(3)
[]
sage: E.isogenies_prime_degree(2)
[Isogeny of degree 2 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 2*x over Finite Field of size 17 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 9*x over Finite Field of size 17, Isogeny of degree 2 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 2*x over Finite Field of size 17 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 5*x + 9 over Finite Field of size 17, Isogeny of degree 2 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 2*x over Finite Field of size 17 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 5*x + 8 over Finite Field of size 17]
sage: E = EllipticCurve(GF(13^4, 'a'),[2,8])
sage: E.isogenies_prime_degree(2)
[Isogeny of degree 2 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 2*x + 8 over Finite Field in a of size 13^4 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 7*x + 4 over Finite Field in a of size 13^4, Isogeny of degree 2 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 2*x + 8 over Finite Field in a of size 13^4 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + (8*a^3+2*a^2+7*a+5)*x + (12*a^3+3*a^2+4*a+4) over Finite Field in a of size 13^4, Isogeny of degree 2 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 2*x + 8 over Finite Field in a of size 13^4 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + (5*a^3+11*a^2+6*a+11)*x + (a^3+10*a^2+9*a) over Finite Field in a of size 13^4]
sage: E.isogenies_prime_degree(3)
[Isogeny of degree 3 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 2*x + 8 over Finite Field in a of size 13^4 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 9*x + 11 over Finite Field in a of size 13^4]
sage: E.isogenies_prime_degree([2, 3, 5, 7, 13])
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
NotImplementedError: 2, 3, 5, 7 and 13-isogenies are not yet implemented in characteristic 2 and 3, and when the characteristic is the same as the degree of the isogeny.
sage: E.isogenies_prime_degree([2, 3, 5, 7])
[Isogeny of degree 2 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 2*x + 8 over Finite Field in a of size 13^4 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 7*x + 4 over Finite Field in a of size 13^4, Isogeny of degree 2 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 2*x + 8 over Finite Field in a of size 13^4 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + (8*a^3+2*a^2+7*a+5)*x + (12*a^3+3*a^2+4*a+4) over Finite Field in a of size 13^4, Isogeny of degree 2 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 2*x + 8 over Finite Field in a of size 13^4 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + (5*a^3+11*a^2+6*a+11)*x + (a^3+10*a^2+9*a) over Finite Field in a of size 13^4, Isogeny of degree 3 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 2*x + 8 over Finite Field in a of size 13^4 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 9*x + 11 over Finite Field in a of size 13^4, Isogeny of degree 7 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 2*x + 8 over Finite Field in a of size 13^4 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 3*x + 11 over Finite Field in a of size 13^4, Isogeny of degree 7 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 2*x + 8 over Finite Field in a of size 13^4 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 9*x + 2 over Finite Field in a of size 13^4]
Examples over number fields (other than QQ):
sage: QQroot2.<e> = NumberField(x^2-2)
sage: E = EllipticCurve(QQroot2,[1,1])
sage: E.isogenies_prime_degree(11)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
NotImplementedError: Over general fields, only isogenies of degree 2, 3, 5, 7 or 13 have been implemented.
sage: E.isogenies_prime_degree(5)
[]
sage: E = EllipticCurve(QQroot2, [1,0,1,4, -6]); E
Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 + x*y + y = x^3 + 4*x + (-6) over Number Field in e with defining polynomial x^2 - 2
sage: E.isogenies_prime_degree(2)
[Isogeny of degree 2 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 + x*y + y = x^3 + 4*x + (-6) over Number Field in e with defining polynomial x^2 - 2 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 + x*y + y = x^3 + (-36)*x + (-70) over Number Field in e with defining polynomial x^2 - 2]
sage: E.isogenies_prime_degree(3)
[Isogeny of degree 3 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 + x*y + y = x^3 + 4*x + (-6) over Number Field in e with defining polynomial x^2 - 2 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 + x*y + y = x^3 + (-128/3)*x + 5662/27 over Number Field in e with defining polynomial x^2 - 2, Isogeny of degree 3 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 + x*y + y = x^3 + 4*x + (-6) over Number Field in e with defining polynomial x^2 - 2 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 + x*y + y = x^3 + (-171)*x + (-874) over Number Field in e with defining polynomial x^2 - 2]
Returns an elliptic curve isogeny from self.
The isogeny can be determined in two ways, either by a polynomial or a set of torsion points. The methods used are:
INPUT:
initialize.
in E, a univariate kernel polynomial or None. If initiating from a domain/codomain, this must be set to None. Validity of input is not fully checked.
None, then this must be the codomain of a separable normalized isogeny, furthermore, degree must be the degree of the isogeny from E to codomain. If kernel is not None, then this must be isomorphic to the codomain of the normalized separable isogeny defined by kernel, in this case, the isogeny is post composed with an isomorphism so that this parameter is the codomain.
then this is the degree of the isogeny from E to codomain. If kernel is not None, then this is used to determine whether or not to skip a gcd of the kernel polynomial with the two torsion polynomial of E.
“minimal”, in which case if``E`` is a curve over the rationals, then the codomain is set to be the unique global minimum model.
input is valid (e.g., that the points defined by the kernel polynomial are torsion); however, invalid input can in some cases still pass, since that the points define a group is not checked.
OUTPUT:
An isogeny between elliptic curves. This is a morphism of curves.
EXAMPLES:
sage: F = GF(2^5, 'alpha'); alpha = F.gen()
sage: E = EllipticCurve(F, [1,0,1,1,1])
sage: R.<x> = F[]
sage: phi = E.isogeny(x+1)
sage: phi.rational_maps()
((x^2 + x + 1)/(x + 1), (x^2*y + x)/(x^2 + 1))
sage: E = EllipticCurve('11a1')
sage: P = E.torsion_points()[1]
sage: E.isogeny(P)
Isogeny of degree 5 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 + y = x^3 - x^2 - 10*x - 20 over Rational Field to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 + y = x^3 - x^2 - 7820*x - 263580 over Rational Field
sage: E = EllipticCurve(GF(19),[1,1])
sage: P = E(15,3); Q = E(2,12);
sage: (P.order(), Q.order())
(7, 3)
sage: phi = E.isogeny([P,Q]); phi
Isogeny of degree 21 from Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + x + 1 over Finite Field of size 19 to Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + x + 1 over Finite Field of size 19
sage: phi(E.random_point()) # all points defined over GF(19) are in the kernel
(0 : 1 : 0)
# not all polynomials define a finite subgroup trac #6384
sage: E = EllipticCurve(GF(31),[1,0,0,1,2])
sage: phi = E.isogeny([14,27,4,1])
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: The polynomial does not define a finite subgroup of the elliptic curve.
An example in which we construct an invalid morphism, which illustrates that the check for correctness of the input is not sufficient. (See trac 11578.):
sage: R.<x> = QQ[]
sage: K.<a> = NumberField(x^2-x-1)
sage: E = EllipticCurve(K, [-13392, -1080432])
sage: R.<x> = K[]
sage: phi = E.isogeny( (x-564)*(x - 396/5*a + 348/5) )
sage: phi.codomain().conductor().norm().factor()
5^2 * 11^2 * 3271 * 15806939 * 4169267639351
sage: phi.domain().conductor().norm().factor()
11^2
Returns the codomain of the isogeny from self with given kernel.
INPUT:
or a kernel polynomial (specified as a either a univariate polynomial or a coefficient list.)
of the kernel.
OUTPUT:
An elliptic curve, the codomain of the separable normalized isogeny from this kernel
EXAMPLES:
sage: E = EllipticCurve('17a1')
sage: R.<x> = QQ[]
sage: E2 = E.isogeny_codomain(x - 11/4); E2
Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 + x*y + y = x^3 - x^2 - 1461/16*x - 19681/64 over Rational Field
Return the quadratic twist of this curve by D.
INPUT:
In characteristics other than 2, must be nonzero, and the
twist is isomorphic to self after adjoining
to the
base.
In characteristic 2, is arbitrary, and the twist is
isomorphic to self after adjoining a root of
to the
base.
In characteristic 2 when , this is not implemented.
If the base field is finite,
need not be specified,
and the curve returned is the unique curve (up to isomorphism)
defined over
isomorphic to the original curve over the
quadratic extension of
but not over
itself. Over
infinite fields, an error is raised if
is not given.
EXAMPLES:
sage: E = EllipticCurve([GF(1103)(1), 0, 0, 107, 340]); E
Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 + x*y = x^3 + 107*x + 340 over Finite Field of size 1103
sage: F=E.quadratic_twist(-1); F
Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 1102*x^2 + 609*x + 300 over Finite Field of size 1103
sage: E.is_isomorphic(F)
False
sage: E.is_isomorphic(F,GF(1103^2,'a'))
True
A characteristic 2 example:
sage: E=EllipticCurve(GF(2),[1,0,1,1,1])
sage: E1=E.quadratic_twist(1)
sage: E.is_isomorphic(E1)
False
sage: E.is_isomorphic(E1,GF(4,'a'))
True
Over finite fields, the twisting parameter may be omitted:
sage: k.<a> = GF(2^10)
sage: E = EllipticCurve(k,[a^2,a,1,a+1,1])
sage: Et = E.quadratic_twist()
sage: Et # random (only determined up to isomorphism)
Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 + x*y = x^3 + (a^7+a^4+a^3+a^2+a+1)*x^2 + (a^8+a^6+a^4+1) over Finite Field in a of size 2^10
sage: E.is_isomorphic(Et)
False
sage: E.j_invariant()==Et.j_invariant()
True
sage: p=next_prime(10^10)
sage: k = GF(p)
sage: E = EllipticCurve(k,[1,2,3,4,5])
sage: Et = E.quadratic_twist()
sage: Et # random (only determined up to isomorphism)
Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 7860088097*x^2 + 9495240877*x + 3048660957 over Finite Field of size 10000000019
sage: E.is_isomorphic(Et)
False
sage: k2 = GF(p^2,'a')
sage: E.change_ring(k2).is_isomorphic(Et.change_ring(k2))
True
Return the quartic twist of this curve by .
INPUT:
Note
The characteristic must not be 2 or 3, and the -invariant must be 1728.
EXAMPLES:
sage: E=EllipticCurve_from_j(GF(13)(1728)); E
Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + x over Finite Field of size 13
sage: E1=E.quartic_twist(2); E1
Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 5*x over Finite Field of size 13
sage: E.is_isomorphic(E1)
False
sage: E.is_isomorphic(E1,GF(13^2,'a'))
False
sage: E.is_isomorphic(E1,GF(13^4,'a'))
True
Return the quartic twist of this curve by .
INPUT:
Note
The characteristic must not be 2 or 3, and the -invariant must be 0.
EXAMPLES:
sage: E=EllipticCurve_from_j(GF(13)(0)); E
Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 1 over Finite Field of size 13
sage: E1=E.sextic_twist(2); E1
Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 = x^3 + 11 over Finite Field of size 13
sage: E.is_isomorphic(E1)
False
sage: E.is_isomorphic(E1,GF(13^2,'a'))
False
sage: E.is_isomorphic(E1,GF(13^4,'a'))
False
sage: E.is_isomorphic(E1,GF(13^6,'a'))
True
Return the dimension of the 2-torsion subgroup of
.
This will be 0, 1 or 2.
EXAMPLES:
sage: E=EllipticCurve('11a1')
sage: E.two_torsion_rank()
0
sage: K.<alpha>=QQ.extension(E.division_polynomial(2).monic())
sage: E.base_extend(K).two_torsion_rank()
1
sage: E.reduction(53).two_torsion_rank()
2
sage: E = EllipticCurve('14a1')
sage: E.two_torsion_rank()
1
sage: K.<alpha>=QQ.extension(E.division_polynomial(2).monic().factor()[1][0])
sage: E.base_extend(K).two_torsion_rank()
2
sage: EllipticCurve('15a1').two_torsion_rank()
2
Computes the Weierstrass -function of the elliptic curve.
INPUT:
mprec - precision
indicating using the pari, fast or quadratic algorithm. If the algorithm is None, then this function determines the best algorithm to use.
OUTPUT:
a Laurent series in one variable with coefficients in the
base field
of
.
EXAMPLES:
sage: E = EllipticCurve('11a1')
sage: E.weierstrass_p(prec=10)
z^-2 + 31/15*z^2 + 2501/756*z^4 + 961/675*z^6 + 77531/41580*z^8 + O(z^10)
sage: E.weierstrass_p(prec=8)
z^-2 + 31/15*z^2 + 2501/756*z^4 + 961/675*z^6 + O(z^8)
sage: Esh = E.short_weierstrass_model()
sage: Esh.weierstrass_p(prec=8)
z^-2 + 13392/5*z^2 + 1080432/7*z^4 + 59781888/25*z^6 + O(z^8)
sage: E.weierstrass_p(prec=8, algorithm='pari')
z^-2 + 31/15*z^2 + 2501/756*z^4 + 961/675*z^6 + O(z^8)
sage: E.weierstrass_p(prec=8, algorithm='quadratic')
z^-2 + 31/15*z^2 + 2501/756*z^4 + 961/675*z^6 + O(z^8)
sage: k = GF(101)
sage: E = EllipticCurve(k, [2,3])
sage: E.weierstrass_p(prec=30)
z^-2 + 40*z^2 + 14*z^4 + 62*z^6 + 15*z^8 + 47*z^10 + 66*z^12 + 61*z^14 + 79*z^16 + 98*z^18 + 93*z^20 + 82*z^22 + 15*z^24 + 71*z^26 + 27*z^28 + O(z^30)
sage: k = GF(11)
sage: E = EllipticCurve(k, [1,1])
sage: E.weierstrass_p(prec=6, algorithm='fast')
z^-2 + 2*z^2 + 3*z^4 + O(z^6)
sage: E.weierstrass_p(prec=7, algorithm='fast')
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: For computing the Weierstrass p-function via the fast algorithm, the characteristic (11) of the underlying field must be greater than prec + 4 = 11.
sage: E.weierstrass_p(prec=8 ,algorithm='pari')
z^-2 + 2*z^2 + 3*z^4 + 5*z^6 + O(z^8)
sage: E.weierstrass_p(prec=9, algorithm='pari')
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: For computing the Weierstrass p-function via pari, the characteristic (11) of the underlying field must be greater than prec + 2 = 11.